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Diversion (from landfill) rates in Australia have been slowly improving, as landfill levies have been increased to encourage recycling
LEK · 2019 · industry_trends
Diversion (from landfill) rates in Australia have been slowly improving, as landfill levies have been increased to encourage recycling
63% — Waste diversion rate
 Waste exports peaked in 2013, but are expected to decline significantly over the next 3 years (excluding metal) to less than 1% of waste produced
LEK · 2019 · market_landscape
Waste exports peaked in 2013, but are expected to decline significantly over the next 3 years (excluding metal) to less than 1% of waste produced
1% — Waste export volume
 Current trends are placing a significant burden on the waste sector impacting transport costs and environmental outcomes
LEK · 2019 · problem_statement
Current trends are placing a significant burden on the waste sector impacting transport costs and environmental outcomes
 This pilot study has focused on household waste (MSW)
LEK · 2019 · context
This pilot study has focused on household waste (MSW)
25% — Percentage of volume
 While there are a number of key waste facilities in metro Melbourne and Sydney, their geographic spread is very different
LEK · 2019 · geographic_map
While there are a number of key waste facilities in metro Melbourne and Sydney, their geographic spread is very different
 The majority of the Australian population is serviced by a 3-bin system
LEK · 2019 · industry_trends
The majority of the Australian population is serviced by a 3-bin system
67% — Percentage of population
 The supply chain for household waste varies based on the ‘bin type’ but follows similar, but distinct paths
LEK · 2019 · process_diagram
The supply chain for household waste varies based on the ‘bin type’ but follows similar, but distinct paths
 Melbourne and Sydney have been reviewed as key ‘sub markets’ for this study, each generating c.1.6-1.7m tonnes of waste p.a., or ~370kg per person
LEK · 2019 · market_landscape
Melbourne and Sydney have been reviewed as key ‘sub markets’ for this study, each generating c.1.6-1.7m tonnes of waste p.a., or ~370kg per person
1.7m — Annual waste generation
 Five categories were used to assess the suitability of international markets for comparison
LEK · 2019 · framework_other
Five categories were used to assess the suitability of international markets for comparison
 A number of potential comparators were reviewed at a regional level, to assess suitability as benchmarks
LEK · 2019 · peer_benchmark
A number of potential comparators were reviewed at a regional level, to assess suitability as benchmarks
 Wales and Denmark were selected for more detailed comparison based on a broad like-for-like comparability and more aspirational environmental outcomes
LEK · 2019 · comparison_table
Wales and Denmark were selected for more detailed comparison based on a broad like-for-like comparability and more aspirational environmental outcomes
 Wales has been implementing “Collection Blueprint”, a programme aiming to improve the diversion rate from landfill while reducing the cost of transport
LEK · 2019 · case_study
Wales has been implementing “Collection Blueprint”, a programme aiming to improve the diversion rate from landfill while reducing the cost of transport
 Wales has significantly increased its diversion rate in part driven by higher landfill levies and the recent introduction of waste to energy facilities
LEK · 2019 · case_study
Wales has significantly increased its diversion rate in part driven by higher landfill levies and the recent introduction of waste to energy facilities
12.1 — CAGR
 A key enabler of the changes in the efficiency and environmental outcomes in Wales has been improved data collection across the supply chain
LEK · 2019 · process_diagram
A key enabler of the changes in the efficiency and environmental outcomes in Wales has been improved data collection across the supply chain
 Incineration is the main source of household waste treatment in Denmark with nearly 30 waste-to-energy facilities across the country
LEK · 2019 · case_study
Incineration is the main source of household waste treatment in Denmark with nearly 30 waste-to-energy facilities across the country
 Danish waste policies have resulted in very high diversion rates (99%), growing recycling rates and decreasing incineration since 2011
LEK · 2019 · case_study
Danish waste policies have resulted in very high diversion rates (99%), growing recycling rates and decreasing incineration since 2011
99% — Diversion rate
 Three categories of metrics are typically used to monitor supply chain performance
LEK · 2019 · framework_other
Three categories of metrics are typically used to monitor supply chain performance
 Eight specific metrics were investigated for waste
LEK · 2019 · other
Eight specific metrics were investigated for waste
 Data availability has varied across the geographies reviewed (1/2)
LEK · 2019 · data_table
Data availability has varied across the geographies reviewed (1/2)
 Data availability has varied across the geographies reviewed (2/2)
LEK · 2019 · data_table
Data availability has varied across the geographies reviewed (2/2)
 Per capita generation of household waste in VIC and NSW is lower than international comparators
LEK · 2019 · benchmark_peers
Per capita generation of household waste in VIC and NSW is lower than international comparators
604 — Kilograms per capita
 While recycling rates are broadly similar, EU comparators divert substantially more waste from landfill than Australia due to greater waste to energy conversion
LEK · 2019 · peer_benchmark
While recycling rates are broadly similar, EU comparators divert substantially more waste from landfill than Australia due to greater waste to energy conversion
99% — MSW diversion rate
 Reported safety metrics are not to readily comparable across regions
LEK · 2019 · diagnosis
Reported safety metrics are not to readily comparable across regions
8.5 — Lost time accidents
 While reliability is sometimes reported in terms of ‘missed collections’, these metrics are not readily available or comparable
LEK · 2019 · diagnosis
While reliability is sometimes reported in terms of ‘missed collections’, these metrics are not readily available or comparable
9.00 — Missed collections per 10,000
 The location of waste facilities, and shape of the networks in Melbourne and Sydney, lead to waste travelling greater distances
LEK · 2019 · diagnosis
The location of waste facilities, and shape of the networks in Melbourne and Sydney, lead to waste travelling greater distances
156 — Kilometres
 Melbourne’s local councils, (like comparable geographies) tend to utilise more direct to final destination” model vs. a consolidation model in Sydney
LEK · 2019 · comparison_table
Melbourne’s local councils, (like comparable geographies) tend to utilise more direct to final destination” model vs. a consolidation model in Sydney
 Trucks are typically the preferred mode of freight for household waste within the comparator set
LEK · 2019 · benchmark_peers
Trucks are typically the preferred mode of freight for household waste within the comparator set
100% — Mode of transport of waste
 Unit cost data is not publically available, but has been assembled via interviews with industry participants. Australian cities appear efficient on unit costs
LEK · 2019 · benchmark_peers
Unit cost data is not publically available, but has been assembled via interviews with industry participants. Australian cities appear efficient on unit costs
 The cost/ton/km of rail transport is significantly lower than road transport, however this will vary considerably by distance transported
LEK · 2019 · financial_analysis
The cost/ton/km of rail transport is significantly lower than road transport, however this will vary considerably by distance transported
$0.05-0.1 — Cost per ton per kilometre
 An aggregate cost has been used to assess the waste supply chain holistically. Some interpretative considerations are important
LEK · 2019 · cost_structure
An aggregate cost has been used to assess the waste supply chain holistically. Some interpretative considerations are important
473 — Total cost per tonne
 Despite lower unit rates, transport costs across Australian landfill/refuse waste streams are higher than international examples due to longer distances
LEK · 2019 · benchmark_peers
Despite lower unit rates, transport costs across Australian landfill/refuse waste streams are higher than international examples due to longer distances
473 — Total cost of landfill / refuse waste stream
 Transport costs for recyclables and organics are more comparable due to shorter distances
LEK · 2019 · financial_analysis
Transport costs for recyclables and organics are more comparable due to shorter distances
272 — Total cost of recyclable waste stream (AUD per tonne)
 Transport costs for recyclables and organics are more comparable due to shorter distances
LEK · 2019 · competitive_analysis
Transport costs for recyclables and organics are more comparable due to shorter distances
 Planning, governance and investment across the waste supply chain is complex in nature. A five stage approach was used to define the landscape
LEK · 2019 · process_diagram
Planning, governance and investment across the waste supply chain is complex in nature. A five stage approach was used to define the landscape
 Local government usually manages the collection of household waste and it is typically their third or fourth biggest expenditure
LEK · 2019 · cost_structure
Local government usually manages the collection of household waste and it is typically their third or fourth biggest expenditure
 State Governments also have a range of responsibilities for waste
LEK · 2019 · other
State Governments also have a range of responsibilities for waste
 Surpluses from waste levies collected by the states are used to fund a range of projects to improve the waste supply chain
LEK · 2019 · financial_analysis
Surpluses from waste levies collected by the states are used to fund a range of projects to improve the waste supply chain
725 — Millions of AUD
 While the Commonwealth government does not possess constitutional authority, different departments and agencies provide leadership at the national level
LEK · 2019 · context
While the Commonwealth government does not possess constitutional authority, different departments and agencies provide leadership at the national level
 The responsibility (direct and indirect) across the waste supply chain in Australia is diffuse. Relatively few levers impact supply chain efficiency directly (1/3)
LEK · 2019 · matrix_nxn
The responsibility (direct and indirect) across the waste supply chain in Australia is diffuse. Relatively few levers impact supply chain efficiency directly (1/3)
 The responsibility (direct and indirect) across the waste supply chain in Australia is diffuse. Relatively few levers impact supply chain efficiency directly (2/3)
LEK · 2019 · matrix_nxn
The responsibility (direct and indirect) across the waste supply chain in Australia is diffuse. Relatively few levers impact supply chain efficiency directly (2/3)
 The responsibility (direct and indirect) across the waste supply chain in Australia is diffuse. Relatively few levers impact supply chain efficiency directly (3/3)
LEK · 2019 · matrix_nxn
The responsibility (direct and indirect) across the waste supply chain in Australia is diffuse. Relatively few levers impact supply chain efficiency directly (3/3)
 The management of waste in both Denmark and Wales flows from high level European Union directives, in a manner that is more consistent than in Australia
LEK · 2019 · comparison_table
The management of waste in both Denmark and Wales flows from high level European Union directives, in a manner that is more consistent than in Australia
 A range of waste “best practices” were observed across the geographies reviewed (1/3)
LEK · 2019 · comparison_table
A range of waste “best practices” were observed across the geographies reviewed (1/3)
 A range of waste “best practices” were observed across the geographies reviewed (2/3)
LEK · 2019 · comparison_table
A range of waste “best practices” were observed across the geographies reviewed (2/3)
 A range of waste “best practices” were observed across the geographies reviewed (3/3)
LEK · 2019 · comparison_table
A range of waste “best practices” were observed across the geographies reviewed (3/3)
 The study has identified opportunities to improve freight efficiency, environmental outcomes or a combination of the two
LEK · 2019 · framework_other
The study has identified opportunities to improve freight efficiency, environmental outcomes or a combination of the two
 Opportunity Summary: 21 opportunities for improvement have been identified
LEK · 2019 · initiative_list
Opportunity Summary: 21 opportunities for improvement have been identified
 Opportunities related to freight efficiency and environmental outcomes (3/3)
LEK · 2019 · initiative_list
Opportunities related to freight efficiency and environmental outcomes (3/3)
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